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Data types are the classification or categorization of data items. It represents the kind of value that tells what operations can be performed on a particular data. Since everything is an object in python programming, data types are actually classes and variable are instance (object) of these classes.

Following are the standard or built-in data type of Python:

• Numeric
  • integer
  • Complex Number
  • Float
• Sequence Type
  • String
  • List
  • Tuple
• Boolean
• Set
• Dictionary

Numeric Type

In Python, numeric data type represent the data which has numeric value. Numeric value can be integer, floating number or even complex numbers. These values are defined as int, float and complex class in Python.

• Integer :- This value is represented by int class. It contains positive or negative whole numbers (without fraction or decimal). In Python there is no limit to how long an integer value can be. 
• Float:- This value is represented by float class. It is a real number with floating point representation. It is specified by a decimal point. Optionally, the character e or E followed by a positive or negative integer may be appended to specify scientific notation. 
• Complex Number:- Complex number is represented by complex class. It is specified as (real part) + (imaginary part)j. For example – 2+3j

Sequence Type

In Python, sequence is the ordered collection of similar or different data types. Sequences allows to store multiple values in an organized and efficient fashion. There are several sequence types in Python:-

• String:- String are arrays of bytes representing Unicode characters. A string is a collection of one or more characters put in a single quote, double-quote or triple quote. In python there is no character data type, a character is a string of length one. It is represented by str class.
• List:- List are just like the arrays, declared in other languages which is an ordered collection of data.
• Tuple:- Tuple is also an ordered collection of Python objects. The only difference between type and list is that tuples are immutable i.e. tuples cannot be modified after it is created. It is represented by tuple class.

Boolean

Data type with one of the two built-in values, True or False. Boolean objects that are equal to True are truthy (true), and those equal to False are falsy (false). But non-Boolean objects can be evaluated in Boolean context as well and determined to be true or false. It is denoted by the class bool.
Note – True and False with capital ‘T’ and ‘F’ are valid boolean otherwise python will throw an error.

Set

Set is an unordered collection of data type that is iterable, mutable and has no duplicate elements. The order of elements in a set is undefined though it may consist of various elements.

Dictionary

Dictionary in Python is an unordered collection of data values, used to store data values like a map, which unlike other Data Types that hold only single value as an element, Dictionary holds key:value pair. Key-value is provided in the dictionary to make it more optimized. Each key-value pair in a Dictionary is separated by a colon :, whereas each key is separated by a ‘comma’.

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